Americas · South America

Venezuela

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Flag of Venezuela
Local Time
--:--:--
UTC-04:00
🏛️ Capital
Caracas
👥 Population
28,517,000
📐 Area
916,445 km²
💱 Currency
Venezuelan bolívar soberano (Bs.S.)
🗣️ Languages
Spanish
📞 Calling Code
+58
🕐 Time Zones
UTC-04:00
🌐 Region
Americas / South America

About Venezuela

Venezuela is a land of superlatives — home to the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall, some of South America's most biodiverse ecosystems, and Andean peaks that plunge dramatically into Caribbean coastlines. Angel Falls, plummeting 979 metres off the rim of Auyán-tepui in the Gran Sabana, is a sight so overwhelming it defies every photograph taken of it. The ancient tepui table-top mountains rising from the savannah are among the most otherworldly landscapes on Earth, unchanged since the age of dinosaurs and inspiring Arthur Conan Doyle's famous novel The Lost World.

The country's natural wealth extends from the Orinoco Delta — a vast labyrinth of river channels, wildlife, and indigenous Warao communities — to the coral reefs and white-sand beaches of Los Roques Archipelago, one of the Caribbean's finest and least-visited marine parks. The northern coast offers beach towns with a very different feel to mainstream Caribbean resorts, while the Andes in the west shelter colonial towns like Mérida, known for its cable car and its cloud-forest páramo landscapes draped in mist and giant espeletia plants.

Venezuela is not a simple destination for travellers at the moment. The country has faced severe economic and political difficulties in recent years, and independent travel requires careful preparation, current research into safety conditions, and a degree of flexibility that standard package holidays don't demand. Yet for those prepared to navigate its complexities, the rewards are extraordinary — landscapes that rival anything on the continent, wildlife in jaw-dropping abundance, and a Venezuelan people whose warmth, pride, and generosity remain undimmed despite hardship. Few places on Earth offer this combination of raw natural drama and human resilience.

History & Background

Venezuela's territory has been inhabited for at least 15,000 years, with the Timoto-Cuica in the Andes and the Carib and Arawak peoples of the coast among the major indigenous groups when Europeans arrived. Christopher Columbus reached the Venezuelan coast in 1498 on his third voyage, and the sight of indigenous pile-dwelling settlements on Lake Maracaibo's shore inspired Spanish explorers to name the territory "Little Venice" — Venezuela. Spanish colonial rule lasted nearly three centuries, during which the plantation economy relied heavily on enslaved African labour and the indigenous population was decimated.

The great liberator Simón Bolívar was born in Caracas in 1783, and Venezuela became the starting point for the epic independence campaigns that freed much of South America from Spanish rule by 1824. The 20th century brought oil wealth — Venezuela sits atop one of the world's largest proven oil reserves — which funded major development but also entrenched political dependency on petroleum revenues. Hugo Chávez's election in 1998 initiated a Bolivarian socialist revolution that reshaped the country's economy and foreign policy dramatically. Subsequent years have seen severe economic contraction, hyperinflation, and mass emigration, though the country's extraordinary natural heritage endures intact.

Culture & People

Venezuelan culture is an exuberant fusion of indigenous, African, and Spanish colonial traditions, expressed most vividly through music, dance, food, and a deep passion for beauty. Joropo — the national music and dance form of the Llanos plains — features fast-paced harp, cuatro guitar, and maracas in a swirling, syncopated style that sounds like nothing else in the Americas. Salsa thrives in coastal cities, and merengue, cumbia, and gaita from the Zulia region each have devoted regional followings. Music is omnipresent: in buses, on street corners, and drifting from every open window.

Venezuelans are renowned across Latin America for their beauty-consciousness and sociability. The Miss Venezuela pageant has produced more international beauty queens than any country on Earth, a fact of tremendous national pride. Baseball, not football, is the sport of choice, and passion for the game runs deep from Caracas to the smallest Andean village. Despite hardship, a culture of warmth, wit, and family celebration endures strongly. Extended family gatherings, loud and food-filled, remain central to Venezuelan life, particularly around Christmas and the Feria de San Sebastián in the Andean city of San Cristóbal.

Food & Cuisine

Venezuelan cuisine is bold, filling, and rooted in indigenous and African ingredients enriched by Spanish influence. The national dish is the arepa — a thick, round cornmeal cake that is griddled or baked and then split to fill with ingredients ranging from black beans, shredded beef (pabellón criollo), cheese, and avocado to more extravagant combinations. Arepas are eaten at every meal, from street-food breakfast to late-night snack, and each region has its own preferred styles and fillings. Pabellón criollo — the canonical Venezuelan plate of shredded beef, black beans, white rice, and fried sweet plantains — is simple, deeply satisfying comfort food.

Hallacas, eaten primarily at Christmas, are Venezuela's most celebratory dish: seasoned meat stewed with olives, raisins, and capers wrapped in corn dough, bundled in banana leaves, and boiled. The process of making hallacas is a beloved family ritual. Tequeños — deep-fried pastry sticks stuffed with white cheese — are the quintessential party snack, consumed at every gathering. Papelon con limón, a refreshing drink made from raw cane sugar and lime juice, is the unofficial national thirst-quencher. Excellent freshwater fish from the Orinoco and coastal seafood are staples in riverside and coastal communities respectively.

Top Attractions

  • Angel Falls (Salto Ángel) — The world's highest uninterrupted waterfall at 979 metres, plunging off Auyán-tepui in Canaima National Park — best reached by small aircraft and dugout canoe.
  • Gran Sabana & Tepui Highlands — Ancient sandstone table-top mountains rising from golden savannah in one of South America's most primordial and visually stunning landscapes.
  • Los Roques Archipelago — A pristine national park of white-sand cays, turquoise lagoons, and world-class diving just 45 minutes by plane from Caracas.
  • Orinoco Delta — A vast river delta of stilt-house Warao communities, pink river dolphins, scarlet macaws, and extraordinary wetland biodiversity.
  • Mérida & the Andes — A university city set at 1,600 metres in spectacular mountain scenery, famed for its cable car, adventure sports, and páramo landscapes of giant Frailejón plants.
  • Los Llanos — Vast tropical grasslands teeming with capybara, anaconda, caiman, and hundreds of bird species — Venezuela's answer to the African savannah.

Practical Travel Tips

  • Check your government's latest travel advisory before any trip to Venezuela and register with your embassy on arrival.
  • Carry US dollars or euros in cash — USD is widely accepted alongside the bolívar soberano, and the informal exchange rate is far more favourable than official rates.
  • Use only reputable, vetted tour operators for trips into the Gran Sabana, Orinoco Delta, and Los Roques; independent travel outside major cities carries significant safety risks.
  • Avoid displaying smartphones, cameras, or expensive jewellery in public, particularly in Caracas and other major cities.
  • Fuel shortages can occur; if hiring a car or travelling by private vehicle, fill up whenever fuel is available.
  • Book internal flights and Angel Falls excursions through established agencies in Canaima, as access is tightly controlled by indigenous communities.
  • Learn basic Spanish — very little English is spoken outside of high-end hotels in Caracas.

Visa Overview

Most nationalities require a visa to visit Venezuela, obtained in advance from a Venezuelan embassy or consulate. Citizens of a limited number of countries, including some Caribbean and South American nations, may enter without a visa for short stays. The process can be slow and documentation requirements — including return tickets, hotel bookings, bank statements, and yellow fever vaccination certificates — are strictly observed. Entry requirements and procedures change frequently; always verify current requirements directly with the Venezuelan embassy in your country well before travel. A valid yellow fever vaccination certificate is compulsory for entry.

Getting Around

Internal travel in Venezuela relies heavily on domestic flights — Caracas's Simón Bolívar International Airport connects to major cities including Mérida, Maracaibo, and Puerto Ordaz. Long-distance buses link cities but road safety is a concern; travel during daylight hours on major routes only. In Caracas, use radio-dispatched taxis or ride-hailing apps rather than hailing cabs on the street. For access to Angel Falls and Canaima, small charter flights from Puerto Ordaz or Ciudad Bolívar are the only practical option. Los Roques is served exclusively by small propeller aircraft from Caracas.

Safety Notes

Venezuela currently has one of the highest violent crime rates in the world, and Caracas consistently ranks among the world's most dangerous cities. Kidnapping, armed robbery, and carjacking are serious risks, particularly after dark and in areas outside tourist zones. Travel outside secure hotels and organised tours is not recommended without local guidance. Many governments currently advise against all non-essential travel to Venezuela. The situation can change rapidly — monitor your government's travel advisory in real time throughout your trip and have contingency evacuation plans in place.

Live Exchange Rates

Current exchange rates for currencies used in Venezuela.

Venezuelan bolívar soberano (VES) Bs.S.
Updated: 2026-05-20
⌕
Currency CodeRate
1INCH 0.020763
AAVE 0.000022
ADA 0.007691
AED 0.007083
AFN 0.121200
AGIX 0.022825
AKT 0.002435
ALGO 0.016442
ALL 0.158341
AMD 0.709466
AMP 2.288285
ANG 0.003476
AOA 1.768302
APE 0.013174
APT 0.002015
AR 0.000864
ARB 0.017042
ARS 2.696095
ATOM 0.000958
ATS 0.022830
AUD 0.002695
AVAX 0.000206
AWG 0.003452
AXS 0.001583
AZM 16.392709
AZN 0.003279
BAKE 2.218708
BAM 0.003245
BAT 0.019392
BBD 0.003857
BCH 0.000005
BDT 0.237072
BEF 0.066929
BGN 0.003245
BHD 0.000725
BIF 5.742719
BMD 0.001929
BNB 0.000003
BND 0.002465
BOB 0.013325
BRL 0.009653
BSD 0.001929
BSV 0.000128
BSW 2.601046
BTC 0.000000
BTG 0.006033
BTN 0.186451
BTT 5,982.259173
BUSD 0.001929
BWP 0.026161
BYN 0.005284
BYR 52.842585
BZD 0.003883
CAD 0.002652
CAKE 0.001315
CDF 4.426018
CELO 0.023562
CFX 0.032496
CHF 0.001518
CHZ 0.041987
CLP 1.733283
CNH 0.013116
CNY 0.013116
COMP 0.000084
COP 7.158545
CRC 0.872116
CRO 0.027831
CRV 0.008023
CSPR 0.649757
CUC 0.001929
CUP 0.046286
CVE 0.182953
CVX 0.001116
CYP 0.000971
CZK 0.040316
DAI 0.001930
DASH 0.000038
DCR 0.000110
DEM 0.003245
DFI 2.133818
DJF 0.343748
DKK 0.012399
DOGE 0.018437
DOP 0.113582
DOT 0.001540
DYDX 0.012620
DZD 0.255953
EEK 0.025960
EGLD 0.000486
EGP 0.103034
ENJ 0.042686
EOS 0.023662
ERN 0.028928
ESP 0.276057
ETB 0.311312
ETC 0.000212
ETH 0.000001
EUR 0.001659
EURC 0.001658
FEI 0.001940
FIL 0.001989
FIM 0.009865
FJD 0.004245
FKP 0.001435
FLOW 0.053390
FLR 0.230797
FRAX 0.001942
FRF 0.010883
FTT 0.005877
GALA 0.563546
GBP 0.001435
GEL 0.005146
GGP 0.001435
GHC 222.700187
GHS 0.022270
GIP 0.001435
GMD 0.141977
GMX 0.000288
GNF 16.918752
GNO 0.000016
GRD 0.565351
GRT 0.076332
GT 0.000272
GTQ 0.014705
GUSD 0.001933
GYD 0.403440
HBAR 0.021549
HKD 0.015106
HNL 0.051299
HNT 0.002323
HOT 4.775370
HRK 0.012501
HT 0.013375
HTG 0.252521
HUF 0.596692
ICP 0.000754
IDR 34.049709
IEP 0.001307
ILS 0.005603
IMP 0.001435
IMX 0.011147
INJ 0.000380
INR 0.186451
IQD 2.526722
IRR 2,549.028719
ISK 0.237923
ITL 3.212535
JEP 0.001435
JMD 0.305193
JOD 0.001367
JPY 0.306433
KAS 0.055170
KAVA 0.032678
KCS 0.000241
KDA 0.233224
KES 0.249746
KGS 0.168696
KHR 7.735883
KLAY 0.037711
KMF 0.816241
KNC 0.013418
KPW 1.735734
KRW 2.886413
KSM 0.000385
KWD 0.000596
KYD 0.001604
KZT 0.910800
LAK 42.315530
LBP 172.163573
LDO 0.005328
LEO 0.000192
LINK 0.000200
LKR 0.664563
LRC 0.114445
LRD 0.353026
LSL 0.031763
LTC 0.000035
LTL 0.005729
LUF 0.066929
LUNA 0.030126
LUNC 25.128885
LVL 0.001166
LYD 0.012277
MAD 0.017790
MANA 0.021563
MBX 0.049286
MDL 0.033524
MGA 8.098422
MGF 40.492111
MINA 0.033619
MKD 0.102274
MKR 0.000001
MMK 4.049457
MNT 6.900935
MOP 0.015560
MRO 0.770938
MRU 0.077094
MTL 0.000712
MUR 0.091421
MVR 0.029787
MWK 3.344214
MXN 0.033362
MXV 0.003789
MYR 0.007655
MZM 123.172054
MZN 0.123172
NAD 0.031763
NEAR 0.001154
NEO 0.000662
NEXO 0.002182
NFT 6,826.281113
NGN 2.645277
NIO 0.070977
NLG 0.003656
NOK 0.017874
NPR 0.298461
NZD 0.003285
OKB 0.000024
OMR 0.000742
ONE 0.949707
OP 0.014829
ORDI 0.000450
PAB 0.001929
PAXG 0.000000
PEN 0.006593
PEPE 514.646459
PGK 0.008410
PHP 0.118583
PI 0.012700
PKR 0.537414
PLN 0.007047
POL 0.021194
PTE 0.332627
PYG 11.896258
QAR 0.007020
QNT 0.000026
QTUM 0.002141
ROL 86.908365
RON 0.008691
RPL 0.001103
RSD 0.194821
RUB 0.137894
RUNE 0.004368
RVN 0.349817
RWF 2.823010
SAND 0.026567
SAR 0.007232
SBD 0.015498
SCR 0.028201
SDD 115.751373
SDG 1.157514
SEK 0.018011
SGD 0.002465
SHIB 331.659327
SHP 0.001435
SIT 0.397595
SKK 0.049983
SLE 0.044067
SLL 44.067299
SNX 0.006072
SOL 0.000022
SOS 1.100588
SPL 0.000321
SRD 0.071618
SRG 71.617874
SSP 9.078602
STD 40.973412
STN 0.040973
STX 0.007909
SUI 0.001787
SVC 0.016875
SYP 0.213201
SZL 0.031763
THB 0.062793
THETA 0.009521
TJS 0.017927
TMM 33.835183
TMT 0.006767
TND 0.005604
TON 0.000935
TOP 0.004645
TRL 87,908.751793
TRX 0.005382
TRY 0.087909
TTD 0.013078
TUSD 0.001931
TVD 0.002695
TWD 0.060922
TWT 0.004163
TZS 5.039981
UAH 0.085379
UGX 7.274807
UNI 0.000534
USD 0.001929
USDC 0.001930
USDD 0.001930
USDP 0.001932
USDT 0.001931
UYU 0.077775
UZS 23.318950
VAL 3.212535
VEB 100,003,525.204568
VED 1.0000
VEF 100,000.000000
VET 0.288859
VND 50.852745
VUV 0.229415
WAVES 0.004962
WEMIX 0.006888
WOO 0.111917
WST 0.005222
XAF 1.088322
XAG 0.000025
XAU 0.000000
XAUT 0.000000
XBT 0.000000
XCD 0.005221
XCG 0.003476
XCH 0.000533
XDC 0.055036
XDR 0.001412
XEC 265.116720
XEM 2.870520
XLM 0.013353
XMR 0.000005
XOF 1.088322
XPD 0.000001
XPF 0.197988
XPT 0.000001
XRP 0.001401
XTZ 0.005634
YER 0.460187
ZAR 0.031763
ZEC 0.000003
ZIL 0.484963
ZMK 36.627444
ZMW 0.036627
ZWD 0.697944
ZWG 0.050614
ZWL 126.471416

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Cities in Venezuela 1490
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Abejales Acarigua Achaguas Adaure Adícora Agua Amarilla Agua Blanca Agua Blanca Agua Blanca Agua de Vaca Agua Fría Agua Linda Agua Negra Agua Sal Agua Santa Agua Viva Aguada Grande Aguaruca Aguasay Agüide Aguirre Aguirre Algarrobito Algodonal Alpargatón Altagracia Altagracia Altagracia Altagracia de La Montaña Altagracia de Orituco Altamira Altamira Alto de La Loma Alto de Reyes Alto del Río Amana del Tamarindo Amuay Anaco Ancón Alto Ancón de Iturre Anzoátegui Apamate Aparicio Aparición Apartaderos Apartaderos Apisa Apostadero Apurito Aracua Aragua de Barcelona Aragua de Maturín Aragüita Araira Araminita Arapo Arapuey Arauquita Araure Araurima Araya Are Aregue Arenales Arenales Arenas Arenitas Areo Aricagua Aricagua Arichuna Arimpia Arismendi Aroa Atapirire Atarigua Bachaquero Bailadores Bajo Negro Baragua Baraived Barbacoas Barbacoas Barbacoas Barbacoas Barcelona Barinas Barinitas Bariquis Barquisimeto Barrancas Barrancas del Orinoco Barrancones Barranquitas Barrerita Barrio Nuevo 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Visa Requirements

Check what visa a citizen of Venezuela needs to enter any country.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the capital of Venezuela?
The capital of Venezuela is Caracas.
What currency does Venezuela use?
Venezuela uses the Venezuelan bolívar soberano (Bs.S.) as its official currency.
What language is spoken in Venezuela?
The official language(s) of Venezuela include Spanish.
What is the population of Venezuela?
Venezuela has a population of approximately 28,517,000 people.
What region is Venezuela in?
Venezuela is located in Americas, specifically in the South America subregion.
What is the international calling code for Venezuela?
The international dialing code for Venezuela is +58.
What time zones does Venezuela observe?
Venezuela observes the following time zone(s): UTC-04:00.
What is the current time in Venezuela?
The local time in Venezuela is currently --:--. This time applies to the primary time zone.
What is the total area of Venezuela?
Venezuela covers a total area of 916,445 km².
How many states or provinces does Venezuela have?
Venezuela is divided into 26 states or provinces.
What are the public holidays in Venezuela in 2026?
You can view the complete list of public holidays for Venezuela in 2026 on the Holidays 2026 page.
What are the visa requirements for citizens of Venezuela?
Visa requirements for citizens of Venezuela vary by destination. Use our Visa Requirements Checker below to look up requirements for any destination country.